Oral Presentation ESA-SRB-ANZBMS 2024 in conjunction with ENSA

A surface-engineered nano gold sperm (NGS) device for enhanced selection of high-quality sperm in assisted reproductive technologies (#84)

Soraya Rasi Ghaemi 1 , David Sharkey 1 , Nicole McPherson 1 , Krasimir Vasilev 2 , Sarah Robertson 1
  1. Health and Medical Sciences, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
  2. Flinders University, South Australia, Adelaide, Australian Capital Territory, Australia

Selecting viable sperm with optimal developmental competence remains a significant challenge in assisted reproductive technologies (ART). Conventional methods based on motility and morphology have limitations, prompting the exploration of novel approaches. Recent advances highlight the role of immune cells in sperm selection by the female reproductive tract and underpin our goal to develop innovative surface chemistry-based methods designed to replicate these molecular interactions. Our approach uses plasma polymerization techniques to simulate immune-mediated sequestration of suboptimal sperm on functionalized glass surfaces. We created a polyoxazoline (PPOx) film using 2-methyl-2-oxazoline, resulting in a hydrophilic, stable, and biocompatible surface confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, ellipsometry and sperm co-culture. The surface topography was modified by covalent immobilization of gold nanoparticles on the PPOx film in channelled slides to increase surface area and promote sperm interaction. The surface was then covalently functionalized with anti-phosphatidylserine antibody (Anti-PS) near the inlet chamber and adsorbed progesterone near the outlet chamber, with non-reacted areas blocked using human serum albumin. We optimized surface coating parameters, bioconjugation methods, Anti-PS and progesterone concentrations, and channel heights to determine the best conditions for high-quality sperm recovery. Liquefied seminal fluid samples (n=6) were loaded into the inlet chamber, after addition of media to the channel and outlet chamber, and sperm were recovered 45 mins later from the outlet chamber. The quality of recovered sperm was substantially improved compared to swim-up preparation, with high motility, reduced apoptosis (Annexin V-staining; 6.5 ± 3.5%, vs. 27.0 ± 7.3% in neat samples and 17.9 ± 5.7% after swim-up), and decreased DNA fragmentation (5.2 ± 3.5%, vs. 33.2 ± 12.8% in neat samples and 15.0 ± 6.7% after swim-up). Our data show the NGS device can effectively select high-quality sperm with reduced apoptosis and DNA fragmentation compared to sperm prepared by swim-up, indicating potential applications in human ART.