Glycogen is a crucial energy storage molecule in the human body, characterized by its highly branched polymer structure. In the liver, glycogen exists not only as small beta particles but also as larger alpha particles formed by the aggregation of beta particles. The stability of hepatic glycogen alpha particles may have a potential link to blood glucose homeostasis. This poster aims to update the latest research on the structural features of hepatic glycogen alpha particles, including an exploration of mechanisms underlying glycogen fragility in diabetes and whether this fragility is associated with hydrogen bonds and proteins. By utilizing various hydrogen bond disruptors, we investigate changes in the functional groups of hepatic glycogen in diabetic mice. The vulnerability of mammalian glycogen is related to its synthesis period, with key proteins potentially influencing this fragility. We review glycogen structural changes in healthy mice across diurnal cycles and compare them with glycogen structures in diabetic mice and humans. Finally, we briefly explore whether there is a potential link between the structure of alpha glycogen and liver diseases, including liver cancer.